Stepping out
of Autism

The exact cause of autism is still unknown. However, studies have shown that a combination of factors plays a significant role in the development of autism. These include genetics, environmental factors, and biological causes.

The world prevalence of autism is 1 percent of the total population. In Singapore, that’s an estimated 50,000 people from a population of 5 million.

About 400 new cases are diagnosed each year in Singapore. In 2014, 1 in 150 children had autism while 4,400 children were diagnosed with developmental problems, a 76-percent increase from the 2010 figure.

Yes, autism is a disability, according to the Singapore government’s Enabling Masterplans. Sensory, physical, and intellectual disabilities, including autism, reduce a person’s ability to secure, retain, and progress in education, employment, and recreation compared to others in the community.

The symptoms of autism are classified into three major characteristics. Children with autism have poorly developed social skills, problems with receptive and expressive communication, and the presence of repetitive or restrictive behaviours.

Evaluations leading to an autism diagnosis can be daunting. However, an accurate diagnosis is crucial for understanding current functioning and the levels of challenges the children experience. From there, appropriate treatment can be implemented for a better quality of life.

To be given a diagnosis of autism, a child must present with a “triad” of symptoms in the following area — social impairment, communication problems, and problems in the flexibility of thinking or imagination.

A full assessment is performed by a team of healthcare professionals, including a developmental paediatrician, a child psychologist, and a speech or occupational therapist. Book a consultation with AutismSTEP for an autism assessment schedule.

There is no one-size-fits-all treatment for autism. However, a tailored, personalised, research-based therapy reduces symptoms and helps children thrive.

Applied behaviour analysis (ABA) therapy helps improve social, communication, and learning skills through positive reinforcement. Aside from these, ABA therapy can impact a person’s life by developing cognitive abilities, acquiring social skills, reducing problem behaviours, improving communication skills, and enhancing focus and attention.